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The cruise control system uses an actuator which controls the accelerator allowing the car to continue driving at a set speed. Adaptive cruise control is a more advanced version of the system. It works in much the same way – you set the speed you want the car to maintain, and it does so.
How To Set Cruise Control
The driver sets a maximum speed similar to what one would do with normal cruise control. A radar sensor located in the front end of the car locates traffic ahead of it and locks on to the car ahead. This sensor then controls the speed of your car so that it always stays 2-3 seconds behind the car in front. The buttons to activate cruise control or accelerate/decelerate may vary from one car to another. So, do check the owner’s manual before fiddling around with the system.
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It’s important to balance the use of cruise control with active driving engagement, ensuring that safety is always the top priority. Remain vigilant and ready to deactivate cruise control instantly in case of an emergency or changing traffic conditions. When cruise control is no longer needed, or you need to quickly make a maneuver, simply apply pressure to the brakes to disengage the system.
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On an engine, the governor uses centrifugal force to adjust the throttle position to adapt the engine's speed to different loads (e.g., when going up a hill). The below table highlights the key differences between cruise control and adaptive cruise control. Cruise control is meant to be used on straight stretches of roads and highways.
It’s designed for convenience and safety, providing a balanced mix of automation and driver control. Once you’ve reached your desired speed, engage the cruise control. This step will vary widely based on your vehicle make and model, however, many cruise control settings are accessible from the steering wheel controls. The steering-wheel controls for some systems have buttons or toggles with labels like “Accel” and “Decel,” while others simply use up-and-down arrows to signify a button’s function. We recommend consulting your car’s owner’s manual to decode the cruise control buttons and their operation for your specific vehicle. Here’s a list of the driver-operated functions provided by the cruise control buttons and toggles.
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Also, if you were on a steep enough hill, the car might not accelerate at all. The cruise control system controls the speed of your car the same way you do -- by adjusting the throttle position. But cruise control actuates the throttle valve by a cable connected to an actuator, instead of by pressing a pedal. The throttle valve controls the power and speed of the engine by limiting how much air the engine takes in (see How Fuel Injection Systems Work for more details). Step 2 - Once your car reaches the desired speed, activate cruise control. Generally, the system activation button will be on the steering wheel.
Your car’s Antilock Braking System works hand-in-hand with your cruise control system, and any fault with the ABS system will typically take your cruise control offline until it’s fixed. If the cruise control on your car fails to disengage when you want to slow down, slip the vehicle into neutral to disconnect drive power from the wheels, pull over, and address the situation. If your vehicle experiences erratic speed changes with cruise control engaged, this could indicate a problem with the throttle control system or the vehicle’s computer system. These complex issues generally require professional diagnostics and repair. It’s not advisable to use cruise control in hazardous weather or heavy traffic.
Adaptive cruise control
Drivers set their cruising speed with a button press, and the system works the throttle automatically to maintain the desired cruising speed as evenly as possible. In some vehicles with a manual transmission, pressing the clutch pedal to shift gears turns the cruise control off, requiring an additional button press to reengage it after a gear change. Cruise control is a system that allows the driver to set their car to drive at a specific speed. The driver selects the speed, then takes their foot off the accelerator, and the vehicle will cruise at the set speed. To deactivate, the driver can tap the brakes or disengage the system.
Cruise control vs adaptive cruise control: Key differences
Cruise control is a valuable feature that can enhance your driving experience by providing comfort, convenience, and fuel efficiency. Remember to use it safely and appropriately based on driving conditions, and always stay attentive while on the road. It's pretty basic and doesn't have any fancy bells and whistles. You just set the speed you want, and it'll keep your car cruising along at that speed, no problem. It's perfect for those long drives on open highways, but it doesn’t automatically react to other cars on the road. However, it’s a tool designed to make the driver’s task easier and less stressful.
Additionally, adaptive cruise control provides a button to establish the minimum distance it will accept before responding to the slowing or stopped car in front of it. Usually, the factory offers three or four choices from which you can pick. A graphic on the driver information screen displays a representation of the changing minimum distances as you use the button to scroll through them. The car also sports another set of eyes in the form of a standard camera that points through the windscreen. This also looks out for nearby hazards, such as pedestrians, cyclists and other motorists, whilst also reading road signs and detecting traffic lights. The bumper-mounted radar, which is already used in autonomous cruise control, looks out for vehicles in front of and behind the car.
On the other hand, neither conventional nor adaptive cruise control relieves the driver of the ultimate responsibility of safely driving the car. It’s up to the driver to maintain control over the car’s operation. When used appropriately, conventional and adaptive cruise control are safe. The earliest variants of cruise control were actually in use even before the creation of automobiles.

Modern-day cruise control was invented in 1948 by blind American mechanical engineer Ralph Teetor, although speed control has its roots in the 18th century when it was used to regulate steam engines. By taking over control of the throttle, cruise control takes some of the strain out of a journey by allowing you to relax your legs. We advise against taking your right foot away from the pedals entirely because you never know when you’ll have to intervene. However, you can at least hold your feet in a more comfortable position.
Step 6 - To decelerate, press the ‘-’ button on the steering wheel. However, as a safety precaution, almost all cars will deactivate the cruise control as soon as you press the brake pedal. Before engaging the cruise control in a car, remember that the system is not intended to be used in adverse weather conditions. For example, you may refrain from driving the car at cruising speeds when it’s raining heavily. The low visibility and unpredictable road conditions make it unsafe to drive at such speeds.
For system malfunctions, professional diagnostics are essential, as these systems involve advanced electronics and software. Overall, the future of cruise control technology holds promise for creating a more seamless and enjoyable driving experience, with a focus on safety, comfort, and sustainability. As mentioned, cruise control may become inconsistent in rainy, snowy, or otherwise hazardous conditions. If you must drive in this situation, it may be a better idea to do so manually. Cruise control works best on a clear day with constant traffic flow. Cruise control has come a long way since first invented and patented by Ralph Teetor in 1950, who originally named it the “Speedostat”.
Accelerate to your desired speed as you prepare to activate cruise control. US highways have posted speed limits between 55 mph and 75 mph. Do not attempt to set cruise control when you are traveling over the speed limit. If you’re driving too close to the car in front, it will warn you in two stages. First, it will alert you with visual and acoustic signals, and then with a short braking jolt. If necessary, the system will bring your car to a complete stop.
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